Kevin+C+SFLOM

Electricity I think the definition of electricity is a form of energy that can be charged or is a current. Some different types or forms of electricity is static electricity, current and discharge. The definition of electric discharge is electrical conduction coming out or discharging. An example of electric discharge is lighting and the plasma globe in class. The plasma globe because the wand is giving out electricity. The definition of electric current is electric flow such as electrons in wires or cables. An example of electric flow is your computer charger connected to your computer or the TV cable. Now the definition of static is an electric charge that sometimes is caused by friction. I don’t know how a rocket works but I think that you would need electric discharge for the rocket to go up because something has to let out huge amounts of energy for such a heavy thing to move up. You also need electric current to hook up all your devices and the big fancy computers they have. Static electricity can also be used for air filters for cleaning the air.

Applying magnetism to Mars

In this entry I will be explaining what magnetism is and how it will affect the journey to mars. The definition of magnetism is an object having a push or pull on another object because of electric charge. Some examples would be the compass because the red side always points towards the North Pole because of the magnetism and the silver the South Pole. Another effect of magnetism is the whole entire earth because the earth has the north and South Pole that attracts the metals which compasses are used for. Another example is that magnetism or magnets can attract other magnets such as iron.

I think you would use magnetism on the rocket or on mars because you need to drink water and in the water filter the magnetism sucks out the bad particles and leaves you with purer water. Same goes with the air or the spacesuits. These are the ideas that could be used on mars or the rocket.

These paragraphs will be talking about the universe and basically everything that has happened since then.

From Big Bang To Galaxies The paragraph will be explaining what happens when the big bang happens all the way to what is happening now. The universe started 15 billion years ago and it was called the big bang. Particles were created at the beginning from radiant energy and exotic particles. Over time the universe's tempture gradually fell. At the beginning antiprotons and protons came together to make energy. Then over the next 300 hundred thousand years not happened except for the universe kept on expanding. Around 2.5 billion years the galaxies started to form. There are three different types of galaxies such as spiral, irregular and elliptical. The milky way galaxy In the milky way galaxy there is a central bulge. Our sun lies in the disk about halfway from the center. There are 4 spirals the spin around the central bulge. All the center start in the central bulge are red, orange and yellow because their older than the ones here. In the center of the galaxies most of the time there is a super massive black hole. It also takes around 250 million years for the sun to get around the galaxy. Lives of the stars For a new star to be born first a large cloud of cold gas shrouds a new star. After that tons of gas streams out of the north and south poles. The most massive type of stars are always bluish white. The bluish white stars are forty times more massive then most regular stars. The sun The sun is a hot ball of gas. 75% of the sun is made up of hydrogen and the rest is helium. The suns most outer lair is called the corona. The tempture of the corona is millions of degrees. Between the corona and the photosphere lies the chromosphere. All the chromosphere is, is a lair of red glowing flames. The suns powerhouse is buried in the central core and is 15 million degrees and the gas there is 20 times thicker than iron. Every second 400 tons of hydrogen vanish to generate the suns energy. The black spots on the sun are called sun spots are and black because they are 1000 degrees cooler than their soundings. The history of our solar system The sun formed like all the other stars. In the disk particles came together to make ever bigger particles. The ones forest from the sun are the coldest. In the far back of the solar system 4 planets began and are known as the 4 gas giants. Uranus, Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune. They grew disks of their own out of which moons became. The gravitational pull of each of them were so strong they pulled thick lairs of gas from the surrounding nebula. In the inner solar system there were to many collisions for planets to form but eventually the four terrestrial planets formed. Mercury, Venues, mars and Earth. The moon was probably created by a collision by a planet the size of mars and Earth.

Rocket History

This is an entry containing information on rockets, their uses and their origin. The first rocket-like device was called an aeolipile. A hero named Alexandria used steam as a gas then mounted a sphere on top of the kettle. A fire below the kettle turned the water into steam, and the gas traveled through pipes to the sphere. Two L-shaped tubes on opposite sides of the sphere allowed the gas to escape, and in doing so gave a thrust to the sphere that caused it to rotate. In the first century the Chinese reportedly had gunpowder made from sulfur and charcoal dust. To create the explosions they filled it up into bamboo tubes. The Chinese started to experiment with gunpowder filled tubes. They put together the bamboo tubes to arrows and launched them with bows. Then they discovered that these gunpowder tubes could launch themselves just by the power produced from the escaping gas. Then the true rocket was born.

The first report of a using a rocket was 1232. During this time the Mongols and the Chinese were at war so at one of these battles they used the rockets against the Mongols. Soon after the Mongols also made their own rockets and the Mongols are responsible for the spread of rockets throughout Europe. In England, a monk named Roger Bacon worked on improved forms of gunpowder that increased the range of rockets by a lot. In 1898, a Russian schoolteacher which was named Konstantin Tsiolkovsky proposed the idea of space exploration by rocket. In a report he published in 1903, Tsiolkovsky said the use of liquid propellants for rockets in order to achieve greater range. Tsiolkovsky said that the speed and range of a rocket were limited only by the exhaust velocity of escaping gases. For his ideas, careful research, and great vision, Tsiolkovsky has been called the father of modern astronautics.

In the early 20th century many small rocket societies sprang up around the world. In Germany, the formation of one such society, the Verein fur Raumschiffahrt which stand for Society for Space Travel, led to the of the V-2 rocket, which was used against London during World War II. The V-2 rocket and in Germany called the A-4 was smal l by comparison to today's rockets. It achieved its great thrust by burning a mixture of liquid oxygen and alcohol at a rate of about one ton every seven seconds. Once launched, the V-2 was a formidable weapon that could devastate whole city blocks. It was good for the allies though because the v-2 rockets came to late in the war and couldn't change the outcome. Also at the end of the war the German rocket scientist had already laid plans for advanced missile systems that could reach all the way to the U.S. After Germany fell there were many unused v-2 rockets which the allies captured.

The U.S and the Soviet Union realized the potential of rocketry for military weapon and started a bunch of experimental programs. Eventually a variety of medium- and long-range intercontinental ballistic missiles were made and these became the starting point of the U.S. space program. Missiles such as the Redstone, Atlas, and Titan would eventually launch astronauts into space. On October 4, 1957, the world was stunned by the news of an Earth-orbiting artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union. Called Sputnik I, the satellite was the first successful entry in a race for space between the U.S and the Soviet Union. Less than one month later, the Soviets followed with the launch of a satellite carrying a dog named Laika on board. Laika survived in space for seven days before being killed before the oxygen supply ran out.

The United States followed the Soviet Union with a satellite of its own. It was called the Explorer I and it was launched by the U.S. Army on January 31, 1958. In October of that year, the United States organized its space program by creating the National Aeronautics and Space Administration or for short called NASA. NASA became a civilian agency with the objective of peaceful exploration of space for the benefit of all humankind

This is how rocketry has led the Human kind into the future.

Wiki entry 5

In class these past few weeks our class built rockets. First we built the rockets and had them fly over the middle school field with different color paints and different weights. Then we calculated how high each rocket flew by 100*angle tan.

During the launch day when we flew our rocket right before we launched the rocket fell and one of the fins fell off so it wasn't that great. So the rocket I used went a total of 44.5 meters. It didn't go so well but after that we glued another fin with it was mis glued so now our rocket is tilted.



In science class today we tried to simulate a mars rover falling on mars. So our class was split into teams of 2 from launching the rocket and was given the task to create a landing craft for the robot to protect it. To simulate the robot the robot turned into an egg and the objective was to get the egg from cracking or breaking. Instead of actually landing a robot on mars we threw the craft off the bleachers off the tennis court. In our group (Ethan and I) thought it would be good to try to make a parachute for our craft so we used 2 balloons to try to get some air resistance. After that we used a cup and put an egg in it. Then after that we wrapped the cup in bubble wrap. We put the bubble-wrapped up cup in a zip lock bag and inflated it. The last step we did was tie string from the balloon to the zip lock bag and that was our design. This is our landing vehicle.

Robotics has been around for a lot of years. In 350 B.C. Archytas (which was a Greek Mathematician) created the oldest robotic device recorded. Archytas built a mechanical bird called “the pigeon”. This device was powered by steam and was very advanced for the time. Later on in 200 B.C. a Greek inventor named Ctesibus created the water clock. This was a very advanced piece for the time. Later on in 1495 Leonardo DaVinci created a mechanical device that looked like an armored knight. The thing was this mechanical device would move the armor as if there was someone inside. Many people tried to copy this invention. Josef Jacquard built the automated loom in 1801. This device involved punch cards which were later on used in computers. In 1847 George Boole represented logic in mathematical form with his Boolean algebra. In 1898 Nikola Tesla built and demonstrated a remote controlled robot boat. This device was very complicated and was very advanced for its time.

Moving on into the 20th century is when robotics started to pick up and become popular. The first major event was in 1926 when Fritz Lang released a movie involving a robot. This was the first movie involving a robot and it was a spark for years to come. In 1940 Asimov created rules that should be set in place for each and every scientist making a robot. 1. A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. 2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. 3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. In 1961 Heinrich Ernst develops the MH-1, a computer operated mechanical hand at MIT. Later on in 1963 John McCarthy leaves MIT to start the Artificial intelligence Laboratory at Stanford University. In 1966 the Stanford Research Institute created Shakey which was the first model robot to know and react to its own actions. Later on in1989 a walking robot named Genghis was created by MIT. This robot was known for the way it walked which was known as the Genghis Gait. In 1994 Marc Thorpe thinks up of the idea to have robot wars. This involves robot’s fighting until malfunction. In 1999 Sony released a robotic pet which was a huge revolution in the robot toy industry. Later on in 2003 NASA launched Opportunity which was a rover that traveled to Mars and gathered data. This was a huge improvement in robotics and space travel, as seen in figure 9 Today robots are used for many things. They are mainly used for things that are dangerous in order to keep humans safe. Today they are used for space exploration, fracking, construction, and more. Overall Robotics has changed over the years and all of the above shows just how.

Motors are the key idea to the mind storm robots. The motors on the robots are key to completing basic instructions for the robot to carry out the action. The motor is used for doing basic actions such as moving forward or back ward. Moving right or left and then there are more complex actions such as curve and point turns. The motor is essential to the robots working and is the basic idea to a robot. Without the motor the robot would not be able to function. Now there are also attachments you can put on your robot such as a sensor. There are all types of sensors such as the sound, touch, ultra and the light sensor. Now a sensor is basically an attachment to your robot to help it do a specific action. The sound sensor is used when you clap or make a loud noise it will perform a specific action of your choosing. This could be useful for when you are testing out a robot and it’s about to fall off you can clap and make to robot stop of reverse. The touch sensor is used for when a robot touches a substance it can stop or make a right or left turn to face the other way. The ultrasonic sensor is used for how far or close something is to your robot. Last the light sensor is used to detect light such as the tiles on the floor on the science room, white and blue tiles.